Testing according to IEC 60529 establishes an enclosure's capacity to shield its contents from impurities. A contamination may be liquid or solid in nature. We refer to these tests as IP Code tests or ingress protection tests. The letters "IP" are followed by one or two digits and a letter to represent the Ingress Protection Rating, or IP Code. There might be one more optional letter. The first number provides defense against solid particles. Protection from liquids is shown by the second digit. The specifications for EN 60529 testing and IEC 60529 testing are the same.
Parameters are specified for each test in the ingress protection testing for EN 60529 and IEC 60529. For instance, the rating may have an impact on the solid particle's size. The time, flow rate, temperature, depth, and angle of the water are specified for IP Code water testing. One can test the water using a drip, spray, splash, or immersion method.
Achieving the necessary scores on the EN 60529 and IEC 60529 tests is not clearly defined. The manufacturer is typically the one to make that decision. Zero ingress may exist in some enclosures. On the other hand, it is typical for some ingress to happen even though the enclosure satisfies the requirements. This happens when there is some intrusion but the device still functions well. The definition is mostly determined by the nature of the product and its intended application.
Included below are the various test levels and definitions for solid objects. These represent the first number in the IP Code.
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Level
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Object size protected against
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Effective against
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0
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No protection against contact and ingress of objects
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1
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>50 mm
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Any large surface of the body, such as the back of a hand, but no protection against deliberate contact with a body part
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2
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>12.5 mm
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Fingers or similar objects
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3
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>2.5 mm
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Tools, thick wires, etc.
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4
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>1 mm
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Most wires, screws, etc.
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5
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Dust protected
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Ingress of dust is not entirely prevented, but it must not enter in sufficient quantity to interfere with the satisfactory operation of the equipment; complete protection against contact
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6
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Dust tight
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No ingress of dust; complete protection against contact
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The second digit indicates the level or protection that the enclosure provides against access to hazardous parts and the ingress of water.
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Level
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Protected against
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Testing for
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Details
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0
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Not protected
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1
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Dripping water
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Dripping water (vertically falling drops) shall have no harmful effect.
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Test duration: 10 minutes
Water equivalent to 1mm rainfall per minute
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2
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Dripping water when tilted up to 15°
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Vertically dripping water shall have no harmful effect when the enclosure is tilted at an angle up to 15° from its normal position.
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Test duration: 10 minutes
Water equivalent to 3mm rainfall per minute
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3
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Spraying water
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Water falling as a spray at any angle up to 60° from the vertical shall have no harmful effect.
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Test duration: 5 minutes
Water volume: 0.7 litres per minute
Pressure: 80–100 kN/m2
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4
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Splashing water
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Water splashing against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effect.
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Test duration: 5 minutes
Water volume: 10 litres per minute
Pressure: 80–100 kN/m2
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5
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Water jets
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Water projected by a nozzle (6.3mm) against enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.
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Test duration: at least 3 minutes
Water volume: 12.5 litres per minute
Pressure: 30 kN/m2 at distance of 3m
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6
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Powerful water jets
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Water projected in powerful jets (12.5mm nozzle) against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.
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Test duration: at least 3 minutes
Water volume: 100 litres per minute
Pressure: 100 kN/m2 at distance of 3m
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7
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Immersion up to 1 m
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Ingress of water in harmful quantity shall not be possible when the enclosure is immersed in water under defined conditions of pressure and time (up to 1 m of submersion).
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Test duration: 30 minutes
Immersion at depth of 1m
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8
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Immersion beyond 1 m
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The equipment is suitable for continuous immersion in water under conditions which shall be specified by the manufacturer. Normally, this will mean that the equipment is hermetically sealed. However, with certain types of equipment, it can mean that water can enter but only in such a manner that it produces no harmful effects.
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Test duration: continuous immersion in water
Depth specified by manufacturer
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